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Anthony Gold > Blog > Powinienem był mieć więcej! – wnioski o lepsze świadczenie nieruchomości w języku angielskim i polskim

David Wedgwood

Head of Commercial| Joint Head of Court of Protection

david.wedgwood@anthonygold.co.uk

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  • November 2, 2015
  • Blog
  • By  David Wedgwood 
  • 0 comments

Powinienem był mieć więcej! – wnioski o lepsze świadczenie nieruchomości w języku angielskim i polskim


“Madam, musisz się mylić, opiekowałem się naszym ojcem od śmierci matki 10 lat temu aż do ostatnich dni. Moi bracia nie zrobili nic. Nie mogą oczekiwać, że wyruszę z domu ojca i sprzedam go, zostawiając mnie tylko 1/3 “. Słyszę te słowa coraz częściej z żałobnych i szczerze smutnych klientów, niezdolnych do zrozumienia, że ​​świat może być dla nich tak niesprawiedliwy.

Prawo angielskie głosi zasadę wolności testamentowej. Każdy może zostawić to, co mają do kogokolwiek, czego chcą. Prawo ogranicza tę wolność tylko nieznacznie, aby chronić osoby szczególnie narażone i szczególnie potrzebujące.

Kiedy twój członek rodziny zmarł na stałe zamieszkując w Anglii, a ich wola lub zasady intestacji nie pozostawiają Ci postanowienia, które uważasz za wystarczające, możesz rozważyć roszczenie z tytułu Ustawy o Dziedzictwie (Rodziny i Deputowanych) z 1975 r. ( “scena”). W celu zażądania na podstawie ustawy musisz być żoną, mężem lub partnerem cywilnym zmarłej, byłej żony, męża lub partnera cywilnego, pod warunkiem, że nie zareagowałeś, dziecko lub adoptowane dziecko zmarłego, Kohabitaty żyjące z zmarłym w jednym gospodarstwie domowym w relacjach małżeńskich i żonnych przez co najmniej 2 lata przed śmiercią lub osoby całkowicie lub częściowo popieranej przez zmarłego. Musisz wykazać, że to, co masz prawo do otrzymania z majątku zmarłego, nie jest rozsądne, a zatem prosisz sąd o rozsądne postanowienie z majątku. W przypadku wszystkich kategorii skarżących, z wyjątkiem małżonków, konieczne jest rozsądne postanowienie dotyczące twojej alimenty.

Sąd rozważa i rozstrzygnie, co jest rozsądne w odniesieniu do szeregu czynników, takich jak: potrzeby i okoliczności innych beneficjentów, wielkość majątku, jakikolwiek moralny obowiązek zmarłego, jakiekolwiek choroby lub niepełnosprawności Że Ty i inni beneficjenci mogą cierpieć i inne czynniki. Zasadniczo sąd jest poddawany subiektywnej ocenie wszystkich okoliczności, zanim zdecyduje, czy to, co aktualnie ma zostać przyjęte, jest uzasadnione, a jeśli nie, to jaki byłby dodatkowy uzasadniony przepis (pod względem kwoty pieniężnej lub np. Prawa do zawodu domu itp).

Aby doprowadzić do twierdzenia w Anglii, nie musisz być obywatelem brytyjskim. Zmarły nie potrzebował obywatela brytyjskiego. Oni jednak muszą zmarły umierają w Anglii. Domicile jest trudną koncepcją, w której występuje wiele sporów sądowych. Aby nadmiernie uprościć sprawy, możesz zacząć rozważać roszczenie i zasięgnąć dalszych porad dotyczących takich możliwości, gdy znasz zmarłego zamieszkałego w Anglii i ma tu aktywa.

Kiedy ktoś umiera nieposiadający siedziby w Anglii, a polskie prawo spadkowe stosuje się do majątku, możliwości powoływania się na większy przepis są bardziej ograniczone. W zależności od sytuacji, żona, dzieci i rodzice zmarłego, gdy zostały całkowicie wyrzucone z woli, mogą wystąpić o udział (zachowek). Osoba niepełnoletnia lub na stałe niezdolna do pracy może ubiegać się o 2/3 tego, co mieliby uprawnieni do intestacji. Osoba powyżej 18 roku życia i zdolna do pracy może ubiegać się o co najmniej ½ otrzymane w intestacy.

Aby uzyskać informacje na temat roszczeń o większe świadczenie w Anglii, skontaktuj się z nami.

 

I should have got more! – claims for better provision out of English and Polish estate 

“Madam, you must be wrong, I have looked after our father since our mother’s death 10 years ago until his very last days.  My brothers did nothing.  They cannot expect me now to move out of dad’s home and sell it leaving me with just 1/3”.  I hear those words ever more often from bereaved and genuinely grieving clients, unable to comprehend that the world could be so unfair to them.

English law heralds the principle of testamentary freedom.  Everyone can leave what they own to whoever they want.  The law limits this freedom only slightly, to protect those who are vulnerable and particularly needy.

When your family member passed away domiciled (i.e. permanently resident) in England and their will or intestacy rules do not leave you with a provision that you consider sufficient, you may consider a claim under the Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975 (“the Act”).  In order to bring a claim under the Act you must be either a wife, husband or civil partner of the deceased, former wife, husband or civil partner provided you have not re-married, a child or an adopted child of the deceased, a cohabitee living with the deceased in one household in a husband-and-wife-like relationship for at least 2 years prior to their death, or a person wholly or partly maintained by the deceased.  You must show that what you are entitled to receive from the estate of the deceased is not reasonable and accordingly you are asking the court for a reasonable provision out of the estate.  In case of all the categories of claimants with the exception of spouses only, the reasonable provision has to be needed for your maintenance.

The court will consider and decide what is reasonable by reference to a number of factors including: your needs and circumstances and those of the other beneficiaries, the size of the estate, any moral obligation the deceased may have had to you, any illnesses or disabilities that you or other beneficiaries may suffer with and other factors. In essence the court is running a subjective assessment of all the circumstances, before deciding if what you currently stand to receive is reasonable and if not, what would be the additional reasonable provision (in terms of monetary amount or e.g. right of occupation of a house etc).

In order to bring the claim in England, you do not need to be a British citizen.  The deceased need not have been a British citizen.  They do however need to have died domiciled in England. Domicile is a difficult concept over which there is much litigation. To over-simplify matters, you may start considering the claim and seek further advice on such possibilities when you know the deceased was resident in England and had assets here.

When a person dies not domiciled in England and Polish succession laws apply to their estate, the possibilities of claiming a greater provision are more limited.  Depending on a situation, wife, children and parents of the deceased, when they have been totally left out of the will may apply for a share (zachowek).  A person who is a minor or permanently unable to work may apply for 2/3 of what they would be entitled to on intestacy.  A person who is over 18 and capable of work may apply for ½ of what they would receive on intestacy.

For advice on claims for a greater provision to be brought in England, please contact us.

* Disclaimer: The information on the Anthony Gold website is for general information only and reflects the position at the date of publication. It does not constitute legal advice and should not be treated as such. It is provided without any representations or warranties, express or implied.*

 

David Wedgwood

Head of Commercial| Joint Head of Court of Protection

david.wedgwood@anthonygold.co.uk

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